The Resilience of Children Born of Sexual Violence: What Can We Do? (Part 2)

There is still little research on how children and young people cope with the knowledge that they were born of sexual violence. In this two-part series, we highlight research on children born of sexual violence during wartime. These children face many difficulties. They search for answers about their fathers and wonder where they belong. Often, they are excluded by their families and communities. Additionally, they face financial problems and struggle to access education or medical care. Despite the limited research, growing insights show how they adapt positively and remain resilient. In the first part, we focused on their resilience. In this second part, we explore what bystanders can do to support them.

Positive Self-Image and Social Integration
How can children born as a result of sexual violence best be supported? What do they think about their situation, and how effective is a support program that helps them rebuild their lives? A study by Niyosenga and colleagues addressed these questions through conversations with 16 single mothers and their children. They examined the SURF program (Survivors Fund in Rwanda), which was specifically created for young people born during the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. This program offers various forms of support. Psychosocial assistance was provided to mothers and youth through individual sessions, family meetings, and group gatherings. Educational opportunities were improved by making schooling more accessible. Income-generating opportunities were also created to promote financial stability.

Key insights from the study include:

• Building a positive self-image is crucial, where young people see themselves as valuable and hardworking members of the community who want to help others.
• Peer support helps with self-acceptance and reduces emotional pain.
• There was strong appreciation for the SURF program, especially for its psychosocial support, assistance to parents, and help with access to education and employment.

The researchers concluded that individual and group therapy is an important first step for both children and their mothers. This makes other forms of support—such as education, employment, and social integration—more effective. The results show that good support can help children and young people become more resilient and find their place in society. Additionally, it is important for society to take action to combat negativity and stigma.

Source
Nyirandamutsa F, Niyonsenga J, Gaju KL, Izabayo J, Kambibi E, Munderere S, Sebuhoro C, Muhayisa A, Sezibera V. (2023.) Perceptions of the Intervention Utility and Effectiveness in Supporting and Reintegrating Youths Born of Genocidal Rape in Rwanda. Adolesc Health Med Ther. 12;14:141-15